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Course Level Characteristics (CLC's) CourseLevelCharacteristics can be defined in the Course, Course Offering, and Section entities and are important to categorizing these entities . When a CLC is defined in a Course entity, it is assumed that all Course Offerings and Sections that reference that course also have the same CLC. In practice, this is not always the case. Particularly when Courses and Course Offerings or Sections are defined by different Education Organizations. The following is intended to clarify when and how CLC's should be defined within the Course → Course Offering → Section hierarchy given different use casesfor operational and analytical purposes (e.g., if a offering is "Dual Credit", "AP", "IB", "remedial" or similar). As noted above, these entities form a hierarchy:

• Course ← Course Offering ← Section

One issue is that allowing for each level of this hierarchy to be independently categorized opens the possibility of conflicting categorizations (e.g. a CourseOffering is categorized as "Dual Credit" but a Section of that CourseOffering is not – is the Section assumed to be dual credit or not?).

As a result it is recommended that implementers set CourseLevelCharacteristics at the highest level at which it can be assumed that ALL children in the hierarchy also have that characteristic. For example, if a Course is generally considered an "Dual Credit" Course, and yet sometimes it is not offered for dual credit, implementers are recommended to categorize the CourseOffering or Sections (whichever apply) as "Dual Credit" rather than apply this to the Course.

If necessary, it is possible to override a characteristic set at a higher level, but note that doing so it is recommended to use a negative characteristic (e.g. "Non Dual Credit") as the absence of a value should not be used to signal the negative (this is a unwelcome practice especially in API bindings, and leads to ambiguity that can be misinterpreted).

Define When Different

By default, all CLC's CourseLevelCharacteristics defined at the Course-level are assumed accurate at the Course Offering-level. If this is not the case, then the CLC's CourseLevelCharacteristics need to be re-defined at the Course Offering-level. The same logic applies between CLC's CourseLevelCharacteristics going another step down from Course Offering to Section. The main idea is to allow CLC's CourseLevelCharacteristics defined at a lower level to overwrite those defined at the upper levels.

Use Cases

This section is offered for dual credit (i.e. may be taken for dual credit, but doing so might require some additional work, etc.)

The Section will have a CLC CourseLevelCharacteristic = "Dual Credit" (or the referenced Course Offering or Course, if these are the same). Student achievement of the dual credit is reported in a Course Transcript record with Additional Earned Credits and an Additional Earned Credit Type = "Dual Credit".

This is an AP course (i.e. everyone in it is taking it with the plans to take the AP exam)

The Course will have a CLC CourseLevelCharacteristic = "AP". Course Offerings and Sections created from this Course will not have any CLC's CourseLevelCharacteristics defined. Student results for the AP exam are reported in Student Assessment records.

Student X is taking Section X as a means of satisfying a CTE concentration (i.e. but other students are not necessarily doing that)

Section X will have a CLC CourseLevelCharacteristic = "Career Technical Education" (or the referenced Course Offering or Course, if these are the same). The student will have an active Student CTE Program Association record and the CTE credits reported in a Course Transcript record with Additional Earned Credits and Additional Earned Credit Type = "Career and Technical Education".

This course is for gifted and talented students (only)

The Course will have a CLC CourseLevelCharacteristic = "Gifted and Talented". Course Offerings and Sections created from this Course will not have any CLC's defined.

This section is being offered as a remedial course (i.e. all students in it are there for remedial purposes)

The Section will have a CLC a CourseLevelCharacteristic = "Remedial" (or the referenced Course Offering or Course, if these are the same).